In the present time, different types of machines are used in the industries and plants. These machines are based on new technologies and operate more efficiently than the old ones. Therefore, it is important for students to be updated about the new technologies and machines based on them.
In this field, the machine based on fluid power technology is one of the important areas about which the students must be familiar. Fluid power is used to generate, control, and transmit the power.
Fluid power has been important in the development of automatic machinery and pieces of equipment in the use of industrial plants. It is subdivided into hydraulics using a liquid such as oil or water and pneumatics using a gas such as air or other gases. So, hydraulics is moving and operating equipment with fluid under pressure while pneumatics is air under pressure. So, in this chapter, we will discuss the hydraulics pneumatics and their related processes.
Hydraulics
In fluid power, hydraulics is used for the generation, control, and transmission of power by use of pressurized liquid. A means of power transmission is called hydraulics. This power transmission is done by a liquid or gas which is known as fluid. This fluid is transmitted through the machine to various hydraulic motors and cylinders and the fluid becomes pressurized according to the resistance present.
The basic fluid is the oil in this system. A hydraulic machine has two or more cylinders that are connected to a single pipe and the pistons that help in pushing the fluid in cylinders.
Hydraulic Fluid
A fluid is any liquid or gas which flows. A hydraulic system may be defined as a means of power transmission in which a relatively incompressible fluid is used as the power-transmitting media. The term fluid has a general use in hydraulics.